Killed by Britain's Prison's in 2004 ................Tina Bromley, 37, died HMP Edmunds Hill 4 January.........Harold Shipman, 57, died HMP Wakefield 13 January..........April Sherman, 27, died HMP Edmunds Hill 13 Jan.........Phillip Taylor, 32, died HMP Blakenhurst 14 January.........Philip Rustell, 19, died HMP Reading 17 January.........James Skelly, 18, died HMYOI Portland 17 January..........Craig Roach, 28, died HMP Exeter 18 January.........Vincent Palmer, 37 , died HMP Woodhill 22 January.........Kevin Murby, 47, died HMP Nottingham 23 January...........Stephen Chamber, 31, died HMP Preston 26 January..........Paul Pitts, 29, died HMP Stafford 2 February.........Terry Sawford, 23, died HMP Nottingham 4 February.........Ricky Sears, 42, died HMP Wandsworth 07 February.........Vincent Morgan, 42 , died HMP Gloucester 10 Feb.........Thomas Burns, 24 , died HMP Gloucester 15 February.........Daniel Tull, 56 , died HMP Ramby 16 February...........Sajjad Hussain, 20 , died HMYOI Lancaster Farms Feb...........Ian Deans, 35 , died HMP Holme House 20 February..........Fausal Zahid, 27, died HMP Canterbury 21 February..........Steve Martin, 47, died HMP Belmarsh 24 February...........Anthony Richards, 37, died HMP Gloucester 28 Feb..........Anwar Islam, 36, died HMP Long Lartin 28 February.........Brian Carter, 34, died HMP Shrewsbury 4 March...........Christopher Ollerenshaw, 22, HMP Leicester March...........Stanley Denyer, 47, died HMP Lewes 8 March..........Kingsley Llewellyn, 29, died HMP Norwich 14 March.........Brendon Smith, 28, died HMP Wymott 23 March.........Abidemi Folarin, 35, died HMP Brixton 25 March..........Shaun Brown, 34, died HMP Preston 27 March.........Sheena Kotecha, 22, died HMP Brockhill 3 April.........Stephen Lloyd, 25, died HMP Frankland 15 April.........Michael Minishull, 45, died HMP Liverpool 16 April..........Julie Hope, 35, died HMP Holloway 17 April.........Louise Davis, 32, died HMP New Hall 18 April.........Paige Tapp, 23, died HMP Send 18 April...........Gareth Myatt, 15, died while be restrained by three prison officers, Rainsbrook Child Prison, 19 April..........Lawrence Mellon, 43, died HMP Woodhill 28 April...........Sharon Miller, 45, died HMP Durham 8 May..........William Butterfield, 61, died HMP Shrewsbury 8 May.........Heather Wait, 28, died HMP Holloway 8 May..........Steven Green, 35, died HMP Leicester 15 May.........Spencer Smith, 30, died HMP Blakenhurst 18 May..........Nicholas Bailey, 59, died HMP Lewes 19 May...........William Hunter, 25, died HMP Durham 24 May..........David Harpe, 39, died HMP Lincoln 25 May.........Rebecca Smith, 40, died HMP Buckley Hall 1 June...........Mark Fulton, died Maghaberry Prison, 10 June..........Carl Baker, 36, died HMP Nottingham 11 June..........Stuart Horgan, 39, died HMP Woodhill 20 June...........Andrew Williams, 29, died HMP Manchester 21 June...........Andrew Elliott, 43, died HMP Manchester 23 June..........Paul Bartropp, 36, died HMP Pentonville 25 June..........Richard Webb, 33, died HMP Manchester 3 July...........Lyton Setterfield, 36, died HMP Highdown 7 July...........Edward Orr, 46, died HMP Liverpool 26 July.........Rebecca Turner, 22, HMP Low Newton 28 July...........Stephen Ram, 28, died HMP Blakenhurst 28 July.........Marie Walsh, 29, HMP New Hall 29 July..........Jason Cressey, 29, died HMP Wormwood 7 August.........Jamie Leigh, 27, died HMP Birmingham 8 August..........Jason Alldis, 33, died HMP Elmley 8 August.........Adam Rickwood, 14, Hassockfield Child Prison 9 August...........Brendan Flynn, 28, died HMP Wakefield 11 August...........Michael Briggs, 41, died HMP Leeds 12 August..........Robert Finch, 45, died HMP Exeter 14 August...........Lee Nottingham, 30, died HMP Shrewsbury 19 August...........Stephen Badaj, 39, died HMP Dartmoor 23 August.............Benjamin Gibson, 19, died HMP Norwich 25 August...........Steven Hush, 44, died HMP Acklington 26 August.............Richard Carter, 33, died HMP Leeds 26 August............Abdul Omar, 28, died HMP Wormwood Scrubs, August.............Stephen Woods, 23, died HMP Bullingdon 28 August...........Phillip Parvin, 30, died HMP Shrewsbury 31 August...........Mark Keeling, 31, died HMP Shrewsbury 1 September.............Shaun Hazelhurst, 28, died HMP Manchester 4 Sept...........Patrick Kilty, 32, died HMP Manchester 04 September.............Kenneth Morris, 50, died HMP Acklington 17 Sept............Anthony Dunne, 19, died HMP/YOI Rochester Sept.............Raymond Goodwin, 44, died HMP Norwich 27 Sept...........hah Rahman, 23, died HMP Brixton 28 September............Raymond Horrocks, 24, died HMP Wakefield 29 Sept.........John Baxter, 25, HMP Hull 3 October.........Stephen Davis, 49, HMP Pentonville 10 October.........David Hull, 32, died HMP Kingston 12 October...........Mandy Pearson, 37, died HMP Newhall 12 October.........Damien McCrae, 26, died HMP Manchester 13 October...........Mairi Taylor, 20, Cornton vale Prison, 13 October .........Katherine Jones, 19, HMP Brockhill 15 October.........John Manana, 24, died HMP Leicester 15 October...........Andrew Mackintosh, 49 Aberdeen Prison, 18th October...........Andrew Maguire, 34, died HMP Durham 21 October...........Paul Calvert, 40, HMP Pentonville 24 October..........Jason Thompson, 26, died HMYOI Werrington 1 Nov.........Michael Arthurs, died Peterhead Prison, 14 November ...........Daniel Sawford, 22, died HMP Lincoln 16 November.........Roman Piho, 33, died HMP Wormwood Scrubs 23 Nov.........Robert Robertson, died Barlinnie 12 December.........Name Withheld, 49, died Maghaberry Prison 12 December.........Mark Franks, 31, died HMP Liverpool 13 December...........Derek Crook, died Castle Huntly Prison

Decarcerating a child prison system

This is an extract from Chapter 5 of Instead of Prisons: A Handbook for Prison Abolitionists and provides an excellent example of how, with political will, it is possible to move away from imprisonment and relace it with viable and effective alternatives

Decarcerating a juvenile prison system

We have examined two strategies for decarceration: one based on availability of services in the community and the other on perceived safety of the public. A third approach to decarceration is illustrated by the unprecedented and creative experiment that occurred in the juvenile prison system in Massachusetts in 1972.[3] It involves a rare combination of ingredients-not easily duplicated.

In the beginning, there was no grand design or very much prior planning for closing down the juvenile training schools in Massachusetts. The ingredients present for permitting the decarceration to become a reality included: A governor who wanted a new and humane way of dealing with children committed to the state's care. Progressive legislation which created a Department of Youth Services (DYS) under a super agency of human services and empowered the DYS commissioner to place youth in any institution or program. Key media support. Active child advocate groups. A new, creative commissioner, Dr. Jerome Miller.

Dr. Miller was appointed in October 1969. Quickly he became convinced that the juvenile institutions in Massachusetts could not be humanized. He proceeded one by one to shut them down:
August 1970, the Institute for Juvenile Guidance at Bridgewater Correctional Unit was closed. This institution had handled the most difficult and obstreperous youth in the system. Most of the 60 boys were sent home on parole; 12 who had been committed for major violent crimes were housed in a cottage on the grounds of Lyman School.

March 1971, the entire population of Oakdale, boys seven to twelve, was paroled.

By April 1971, the average time served in training schools had been cut from eight months to three months. The average daily population had dropped from 1,200 youths to under 400.

December 1971, the Industrial School for Boys at Shirley was closed. Most of the children were paroled; a few were transferred to Lyman. As part of his public information campaign, Dr. Miller and some of the youngsters sledgehammered the bars of the segregation cells in the disciplinary unit.

January 1972, with only 20 days of planning, Lyman school was closed. Arrangements were made to house the 39 youths temporarily in a dorm at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst.

The remaining male juveniles in custody-60 youths from Lancaster Training School and two reception centers, Westfield and Roslindale-were also sent to the University of Massachusetts. They remained there for a month, each working with a student advocate.

July 1974, the last juvenile institution was closed: a cottage at Lancaster which housed 20 young women.
Thus was the Massachusetts juvenile prison system entirely dismantled. The swift closing of institutions forced the development of dynamic alternatives to meet the needs of the youngsters. The wide range of community programs permitted enormous flexibility for program shifting. The administrative system was decentralized, with seven regional offices set up to make all decisions about individual youth placements and needs. Almost all services for the juveniles were contracted from private agencies, resulting in the creation of a wide range of community programs.

Volumes are being written about the "success" or "failure" of the experiment. There is no doubt that data on recidivism, costs, efficiency and other traditional measurements are important to final evaluations of the decarceration of youth in Massachusetts. Nonetheless, for prison abolitionists, Miller's very act of decaging and his willingness to take the risks involved, stands as a symbol of daring and courage.

The Attica slaughter and the Massachusetts juvenile experiment occurred in the same half-decade. One response, a symbol of the state's brute power -elimination by death of prisoners and hostages. The other, a human response-elimination of the cage for most of those caught in that system.